Life saving equipment
A general term for the special equipment and its accessories that a ship enters to rescue itself or rescue another ship when it rescues a person overboard on the water or when a ship is in distress. There are mainly lifeboats, life rafts, lifebuoys, life jackets, lifebuoys and distress signal generators and their supporting hoisting machinery and other ancillary equipment. In the early days, life-saving equipment only had floating devices, and modern times are equipped with power units, and they are developing in the direction of automation that is easy to access, board and operate.
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea and China's Code for Life-Saving Equipment for Sea Vessels have corresponding requirements for the quantity and performance of life-saving equipment equipped with various types of ships sailing in different waters. During navigation or water operations, life-saving equipment must be in good condition for immediate use. All kinds of life-saving equipment should have a fixed position and be displayed in drawings so that the personnel on board can grasp it and use it nearby when needed. Accordingly, countries have promulgated specifications for life-saving equipment for ships. In the 1983 amendment to the above-mentioned Convention, there are many new requirements for life-saving equipment, mainly including:
1) For passenger ships on international voyages, it is required to be equipped with partially enclosed lifeboats or fully enclosed lifeboats that can be self-righting.
2) For oil tankers and chemical quality ships carrying flammable goods, it is required to be equipped with fire-resistant lifeboats that can prevent fire at least 8mm.
3) For large cargo ships of more than 20,000 gross tons, the lifeboat is required to be able to land and launch when the ship is sailing at a speed of 5kn.
4) Life jackets are required to be kept warm, and life jackets: the number is equipped according to the number of passengers, and one piece per person is guaranteed. At the same time, a sufficient number of life jackets are provided in the duty quarters, and life jackets equivalent to 5% of the total number of passengers are provided in easy visibility on the deck, and an additional 10% of the total number of passengers are equipped with children's life jackets.
5) Insulated life-saving clothes: 3 sets of life-saving clothes per boat are configured in the lifeboat.
6) The lifebuoy is required to be equipped with self-lighting lights and spontaneous smoke signals, lifebuoys: according to the structure of the ship and the captain, the ship's two sides, the head and tail are equipped, the corresponding number of lifebuoys, and half of the lifebuoys are equipped with self-lit floating lights, and at least two lifebuoys are equipped with their own smoke signals.
7) Lifeboats: For passenger ships on international routes, lifeboats are equipped with 75% of the total capacity, and for passenger ships on domestic routes, lifeboats are equipped with 40% of the total capacity.
8) Life rafts: The number of life rafts is determined according to the number of passengers.
9) Life-saving buoyancy: Passenger ships on Class B routes are equipped with life-saving buoyancy for 3% of the total number of passengers.
10) Rope throwing equipment: 4 sets of rope throwing equipment are placed on the bridge.
The emergency evacuation system is placed on both sides of the ship, which is convenient for passengers to evacuate the ship in time.
In order to facilitate timely rescue, the ship is also equipped with a large number of advanced distress communication tools, these communication tools are: medium and high frequency digital selective call system, hand pinch or high-frequency wireless telephone, radio emergency position marker indicating location, easy radar identification, radar transponder, etc., these radio equipment are transferred to the bridge or the report room
